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he Group V elements are key components in solid-state chemistry, materials science, catalysis and engineering for the preparation of functional materials. Vanadium (V), Niobium (Nb), and Tantalum (Ta) are leading elements in a large number of catalysts either as the main constituent or as dopants to improve their performance and properties. International Symposia on group five elements have their origin from meetings devoted to niobium compounds. The first documented such meeting was organized in 1989 in Hawaii, USA, by Israel E. Wachs. It can be treated as an “incubator” for a series of international conferences started in Tokyo, Japan, in 1993 and 1995 on Nb compounds, after the idea of Kozo Tanabe. The scope of these meetings was further expanded to all the elements of the Group Five, leading to the Third International Symposium organized in 1999 in Rio de Janeiro, Brasil. Since that time, every third year, there have been International Symposia on Group Five Elements which were held in Toledo, Spain (2002), Jiminy Peak, USA (2005), Poznań, Poland (2008), Riccione, Italy (2011.