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Arabs’ and Muslims’ interest for travel is closely related to their preoccupation for geography and, consequently, to the extension of Islamic territorial domain. Since the Umayyad era, Muslims are gradually developing a naval force and simultaneously a category of scholars studying geography and its related sciences. The genre of travel accounts represents the consequence in literary field of the constantly developing interest in geography. Therefore, exploring territories and peoples largely contributed to the process of self-representation along with representation of the other. Between reality and imagination, travel accounts are precious testimonies about the way in which identities are fluctuating within the very same cultural area and beyond it. The frontiers between the familiar and the unknown are continuously moving, shaping various in-groupness and out-groupness constructions. The purpose of this conference is to explore travel accounts written by Arabs and Muslims and to map out the diversity of representations within the field of identities from different perspectives: cultural, historic, linguistic and social.