ИСТИНА

Introduction. Studies of psychological factors of adaptation of migrants are important in multicultural countries with high migration level like Russia. Objectives. The aim was to reveal the role of personality and cultural intelligence in the adaptation in multicultural environment in those who recently moved. Methods. 1545 adults from 8 Russian regions were interviewed and filled NEO Five-Factor Inventory (McCrae, Costa, 1997), Expanded Cultural Intelligence Scale (Van Dyne et al., 2012), Hardiness Test (Maddi, 1998), Tolerance to Ambiguity Scale (Kornilova, 2009). Results. 16.7% moved less than 5 years ago and for 13.1% Russian language was not native. According to MANOVA, people who moved less than 5 years ago demonstrated higher openness and tolerance to ambiguity (F=3,98-5,19, p<.05, η2=.01) while those with other native languages reported higher extraversion, agreeableness, consciousness, motivational and behavioral cultural intelligence, intolerance to ambiguity (F=3.90-21.07, p<.05, η2=.01-.02) and felt more successful in multicultural environment (F=35.53-158.72, p<.01, η2=.04-.14). Hardiness commitment and control were lower in those moved less than 5 years ago only if Russian was not their native language (F=3.17-3.37, p<.01, η2=.01). In those moved less than 5 years ago cultural intelligence predicted better success in intercultural communication (β=.23, R2=11.3%, p<.05) while extraversion and emotional stability predicted hardiness commitment, control and challenge (β=.15-.44, R2=22.0-30.9%, p<.01). Conclusions. Results suggest that recently moved and speaking other languages people are vulnerable to stress feeling uncommitted and out of control but they could be more successful in multicultural interactions. Extraversion and emotional stability seem to compensate for negative effects of recent migration.