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Nanodiamonds (ND) are very promising objects for biomedicine applications. ND coated with carboxyl groups were shown to be biocompatible, non-toxic and good adsorbent of different ions including heavy metal ions. However information about adsorption properties of biomacromolecules on ND coated with carboxyl groups is required for applying it in biomedicine. This work presents the result of the study of mechanisms and properties of nitrogenous bases adsorption on the surface of ND in water suspension. The highest adsorption activity of ND on three nitrogenous bases: adenine, guanine, cytosine, was determined. Investigations were carried out by methods of laser Raman and IR spectroscopy. On the base of obtained results, the adsorption mechanisms are determined.