ИСТИНА

Beginning with the 1960-s, a recognized leader of the Soviet historians of technology becomes Dr. Semyon Shukhardin (1917-1980), who contributed to broadening international contacts of the Soviet community of historians of technology. From the middle of the 1960-s Shukhardin together with E. Olszewski, M. Daumas, and M. Kranzberg worked to realize the idea of an international society that led to creation of the ICOHTEC in 1968. The Academy of Sciences of the USSR supported the Institute of the History of Science and Technology in their attempts to widen international contacts. The International Congress of the History of Science, Technology, and Medicine in Moscow (1971), and the ICOHTEC Symposia in Kaluga (1976) became a real break-through for Russian historians of science and technology. Participation in the ICOHTEC meetings influenced research works of Russian scientists, particularly in the Institute of the History of Science and Technology, University of Architecture and Civil Engineering, Institute of Philosophy, and others. That concerned the themes “Globalization and Technology Transfer”, “Technology and Environment”, “Civil History of Military Technology”, “Creativity: Technology and the Arts”, etc. The mentioned problems became objects of discussion at scientific meetings in Russia and also a series of collective books and articles. Such scientists as Yu. Voronkov, V. Gorokhov, O. Simonenko, D. and I. Gouzevich, R. Artemenko, and other contributed to spreading the ideas derived at the ICOHTEC meetings. Ideological "clouds" are blown away long ago; however problems in contacts with the international community for Russian scholars remained. Perhaps the main of them is the financial side of trips abroad: a problem that is practically unsolvable for majority of scientists.