ИСТИНА

Transport infrastructure is considered as a large and complex technological system including railway and automo-bile stations; subways; tunnels, overpasses, and bridges; seaports; ports on inland waterways; airports; sections ofroads, railways and inland waterways, as well as other buildings, structures, devices, and equipment ensuring thefunctioning of the transport system. Almost all of the listed transport infrastructure objects are prone to undesir-able impacts from adverse natural processes and phenomena, as well as natural hazards of different genesis. Suchimpacts create a certain threat to transport security, lead to transport accidents or disruption of normal transportoperation, cause delays in flights, in delivery of passengers and goods, and to other negative consequences. Underconditions of observed and forecasted global climate changes, adverse and hazardous natural impacts on variousobjects of transport infrastructure, primarily from meteorological and hydrological hazards, as well as other naturalevents triggered by them, will increase. In this regard, the relevance and importance of the assessment of naturalhazards on the basis of their continuous monitoring increases. The transport infrastructure of Russia is exposedto multiple impacts of various natural hazards and weather phenomena such as heavy rains and snowfalls, floods,earthquakes, volcanic eruptions, landslides, debris flows, snow avalanches, rock falls, fog and mist, icing conditionsof roads, and others. The presentation considers impacts of different hazardous natural processes and phenomenaon transport infrastructure in Russian regions. Using the information collected by the author in the database oftechnological and natural-technological accidents, the contribution of various natural factors to railway, road, air,and water transport accidents and delay of transportation is assessed. As the analysis of the database revealed,about 6.5% of all emergencies in the railway transportation were caused by various natural events. Road transportinfrastructure facilities are also highly susceptible to adverse and hazardous natural processes and phenomena. Thetotal risk of transport accidents and delay of rail, road, and air transportation caused by adverse and hazardousnatural impacts was assessed for the area of Russia.