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Botanical garden and Earth Science Museum as natural-science units and components of the Museum space of Moscow University have in many ways similar functions: educational, research, cultural and educational as well as exhibition principles, among which one of the main is the Botanical-geographical. The Botanical component of the exposition of the MSU Earth Science Museum, located in its regional section, is an important component of the Fund of biological materials of the Museum. The collection of natural Botanical exhibits thematically reflects the Botanical-geographical and phytocoenotic aspects of the exhibition: plant species originating from many floral regions of the world, and being components of various plant communities are demonstrated. The collection, which includes herbarium, samples of dry preservation of bulk plants, fragments of tree trunks, fruits and seeds, as well as bulk fragments of biogeocoenoses, demonstrates the richness and diversity of flora and vegetation of Russia and the world.