ИСТИНА

Frequent surface-based inversions are a persistent feature of the Arctic climate, in particular, its Russian part. Exactly in this region, during the winter period, the most favorable conditions for temperature inversion's formation are observed. An example of such conditions can be: surface radiation cooling for a long time and domination of the winter anticyclone. Inside the inversion's layer there isn't air mixing so, in the conditions of weak wind, the atmosphere loses its ability to disperse pollutants. Great sources of contaminants in the Arctic are cities with industrial and energy enterprises, in which about 80% of the population live. Inversions can be detected by using reanalysis, soundings, satellite and contact measurement data. However, neither satellite data nor reanalysis data can be used for studying urban inversions: the resolution is too large to detect them. The radiosonde data allow us to study only elevated inversions, and there are not so many meteorological stations in the Russian Arctic. Thus, the surface-based inversions of the Arctic are poorly understood. The purpose of this work is the climatological analysis of surface-based inversions in the largest cities of the Russian Arctic and the evaluation of the success of this phenomenon's forecast. For this purpose, gradient observation complexes, based on the automatic temperature recorder HOBO MX2303 Two External Temperature Sensors Data Logger with sensors at altitudes of 1.5 and 3 meters, respectively, were installed in the cities of Apatity and Nadym. And data, obtained from these complexes, were analyzed. Within each city, a pair of the above-mentioned complexes was installed - directly in the city center and in the background area. The obtained data allow us to estimate the spatial heterogeneity and frequency of the surface-based inversions depending on the level of anthropogenic transformation of the landscape. These results can later be used as a basis for the formation of environmental policy in the cities of the Arctic zone of the Russian Federation.