ИСТИНА

We focused our attention on the mechanism of semantic categorization and the anticipation as a special type of the memory. The experiment included the identification of semantic categories during the visual presentation of words belonging to two group stimulus: ‘animals’ and ‘objects’. Our method of “Microstructural analysis of oscillatory brain activity” (Danilova, 2002) based on the pacemaker hypothesis of the rhythmogenesis was used to study the cognitive disturbances in patients with Parkinson’s disease. The method calculated mobile current dipoles for narrow-band frequency- selective generators extracted from the in the range of 1-80 Hz with a pitch of 2.5 msec and determined their localization in the brain structures by the coordinates of the “Stereotactic Atlas of the human brain” (Таlairach, Tournoux, 1988). The mechanism of the categorizations, which is normally groups quite easily formed for the “animals” category, has been destroyed in the patients with Parkinson’s disease. This is confirmed by the increase in the number of errors and the lengthening of the latent period of motor reactions during the identification of the category “animals” in relation to the category “objects”. We compared each group of patients (Yakhno N. N. and Levin O. S.) with norm group. The greatest convergence of the latent period of motor reactions during the identification of two categories of stimuli (“animals” and “objects”) were identified in the group of the patients - Levin O. S. (36,8061). A lesser similarity of lateral periods was found in the patients of the group -Yakhno N. N (48,1786). The greatest difference between latent periods was revealed in the group of age norm (85,6879). In the patients the anticipation is preserved and it occurs before the category - “animal”. Thus, in patients with BP, two new markers were identified: categorization mechanism and linking the anticipation reaction to another category of stimuli that distinguish them from the norm. This conclusion is confirmed by an increase in the depression of the alpha rhythm, which, like the theta rhythm, appears in patients before the category “animals”, and not before the category “objects”. Thus, in patients with BP, two new markers were identified: the categorization mechanism and linking the anticipation reaction to another category of stimuli that distinguish them from the norm. The work is supported by Russian scientific Fund grant #14-18-03253 Р