ИСТИНА

The using of a category «a soil ecosystem» (SE), in instead of differently conceptual term - "soil" is proposed. The modern soil ecosystem is subdivided on natural and anthropogenous or an agroecosystem, and last on technologies of operation on intensive (convention agriculture), organic (organic agriculture), and смешенного or transitive type (low input) cultivation. Key characteristics of organic, intensive and transitive types of agriculture are considered. The general characteristic of a soil ecosystem - soil health (SH) and its naturally scientific parametres is discussed. Methods of definition of health of soil in the form of parametres are resulted. It is described heterotrophic parametre of soil health and key positions for definition of it and other parametres: self-maintenance of a soil ecosystem by biophylic elements (nitrogen, phosphorus), suppress activity and control «pathogenes» in a soil ecosystem. Conditions and requirements to maintenance and preservation of a healthy soil ecosystem, especially in systems of organic agriculture are considered. It is discussed variants of preservation and protection of health of a soil ecosystem, a way of diagnostics and therapy modern natural and agroecosystems on the basis of already developed indicators.