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The MRI investigation of Russian vowels articulation inventory and corresponding anticipatory co-articulation gestures was carried out upon original technology elaborated for real-time MRI visualization of the speech articulation dynamics by the Philological Faculty and Research Centre for MRI and MRS, Moscow State Lomonosov University. A series of experiments focused on articulation patterns of the Russian sustained vowels and corresponding articulatory configurations of the vocal tract in-between periods of phonation (pausal intervals), particularly periods of articulatory pre-adjustment. Experimental results support the hypothesis that anticipatory coarticulation in pre-phonation pausal periods has a systematic, phonologically based nature