ИСТИНА

Precise estimates of river runoff are one the most challenging fields of river hydrology. Quantitative assessment of the fluxes of suspended and, especially, bed load, as well as their correlation with the flow dissolved loads remains weekly studied with a crucial need of in-situ observations, especially in large rivers. The project is focused on semi-empirical and modeling study of flows, concentrations, modes and loads of trace metals and nutrients fluxes of the major rivers of Arctic. Monitoring stations were organized at the outlets of largest Siberian rivers: Ob, Yenisei, Lena, Kolyma, which transport more than 60 % of the water flow from the Russian Arctic. Observations were made for high and low water regime periods on the regular basis, and the total number of samples today exceeds 210. For each sample analyses were made for trace metals (68 elements), nutrients and dissolved and suspended organic carbon matter content both in dissolved and particulate (suspended and bed loads) forms. These samples can determine annual and seasonal distribution to 70% of the chemical elements and substances, carried by large rivers of the Russian Arctic into the Arctic Ocean.