ИСТИНА

During the warm trend period (1970-2015) the climatic changes in the Central Russia territory are characterized by the average annual air temperature increase as 1.5-2˚С. A clear relationship between the temperature growth and the average cereals yield has been revealed: the correlation coefficient in some regions was 0.6-0.75. At the same time, the climatic trend favorable for land productivity coincided with a large-scale reduction in arable areas, due to economic reasons, especially in forest Non-chernozem regions. During 1990-2015 total sown areas in the NonChernozem zone reduced by more than half: from 28.8 to 13.3 mln ha, cereal crops - from 13.4 to 7.3 mln ha; in European Russia , arable lands decreased by 33%, from 87.0 to 59.0 mln ha in total. In fact, because of climate changes the natural zones shifted to the north in the Central Russia. Thus, the maximum increments of the normal grain crops yield during the warm trend period are observed in the agrolandscapes of forest-steppe, deciduous forests and the southern coniferousdeciduous forests. In these regions, yield increases from 50 to 100%. At the same time, in these regions, about 16 mln ha of arable land dropped out of circulation. Sustainable agricultural land use implies agrolandscapes adaptation to climate changes. This is the optimization of the land use, crop structure, returning abandoned lands, or the natural development of post-agrarian lands. In general, it is necessary to advance commercial crop production to the north; in particular, the expansion of grain crops within zones of deciduous and coniferous-deciduous forests due to returning lands. In the northern Non-Chernozem agrolandscapes with the maximum land reduction, it is advisable to return only the best lands. In general, climate warming in European Russia is a favorable background for sustainable land use, restoration of abandoned lands and rural development.