ИСТИНА

Discourse is a complex functional essence implying a multiaspect analysis for the purposes of interpreter training in high schools. It includes a variety of aspects that are indispensable for achieving excellent understanding of the speaker’s intention and its further rendering by an interpreter during forums and conferences. The old-school analysis is focused mainly on the aspects that were thoroughly explored by the world linguistics, including semantics, syntactic analysis, lexical-phraseological analysis, analysis in terms of functional perspective, and so on. The 21st century gave rise to a scope of other communicatively valid approaches in the study of language as a tool of interpersonal communication. Intercultural studies are unthinkable without a thorough linguistic basis and also, beyond that, cultural and anthropological investigations, and – very recently – phenomenological studies, that imply the research of speech perception in the first-person perspective, which includes the analysis of such notions as ‘linguistic personality’, ‘individual worldview’, emotional and intellectual experience. Without this research, the proper understanding of discourse in the modern context cannot be reached and discourse will hardly be rendered adequately in another language without these new considerations. Phenomenology is a relatively new discipline that appeared and actively developed soon after World War II. It was initiated by Edward Husserl and largely contributed by Martin Heidegger, Eugen Fink at others. However, this discipline remained long within the premises of philosophy, leaving aside the practical aspects of linguistics, leaving this territory almost exclusively to phonetics, acoustics and psychology, which could hardly provide any practical advice and instruction from the point of view of speech perception to translators and interpreters. Discourse analysis from the phenomenological point of view reveals a wide area of aspects that were previously disregarded, the center of them being the question about how individual’s experience contributes to the holistic understanding of the message, that could be further rendered by a translator or an interpreter. This research formalizes this analysis and works out a system of algorithms that could be profitably used in interpreter courses in universities and colleges and also in machine learning for the purposes of further upgrading the existing speech recognition systems. Keywords: Discourse analysis, phenomenology of speech, adaptive learning, translation, interpreting, teaching techniques