ИСТИНА

The development of novel methods of prostate pathology diagnostics (benign prostate hyperplasia and prostate cancer) is one of the hot topics of medical science. One of the prospective ways for diagnostics development is to find new optical characteristics of blood plasma (BP), e.g. by means of absorption and fluorescence spectroscopic techniques, that can indicate the pathological processes. Human serum albumin (HSA) is the main transport protein in BP. The concentration of HSA is relatively high (about 70% of total BP proteins). Thus the major contribution of optical response of BP belongs to HSA [1]. Its optical properties as well as its functional activity strongly depend on the protein conformation and on the presence of bound ligands [2]. Only a few works are devoted to investigation of SA conformation in BP to indicate pathological processes [3]. The serious limitation of investigation of human BP via optical methods is to separate SA optical response from that of other components. Here we combine the advantages of optical methods with separation technique (capillary electrophoresis, CE). CE is based on the difference between mobilities of the components in the electric field which depend on the charge to mass ratio [4, 5]. CE setups are usually equipped with a single type of detector, e.g., spectrophotometric [5]. In this work we expanded the opportunities of CE by using simultaneously two types of optical detectors: optical density measurements at 254 nm (OD-channel) and laser induced fluorescence spectra with excitation at 405 nm and registration in the 450 – 750 nm range (LIF-channel). Upon 405 nm excitation human serum albumin in BP have a fluorescence band centered at 525 nm that strongly depends on the conformation and on the presence of bound ligands [6]. Here we investigate 405 nm/525 nm fluorescence band as well as the other electrophoresis parameters of protein fractions of human BP in the normal case and in the case of pathology (prostate adenoma and prostate cancer). The obtained results allow to suggest that novel method for diagnostics of prostate pathology by CE with OD- and LIF-channel could be developed. The reported study was supported by Russian Foundation of Basic Research (grant № 16-32-00804).