ИСТИНА

The nature of the formation of the external electron radiation belt and appearance of extremely large fluxes of relativistic electrons (satellite killers) continues to be one of the most intriguing and unsolved problems of magnetospheric dynamics. The history of the discovery of the external radiation belt and different periods of its study are analyzed. The main attention is concentrated on the researches made in Skobeltsyn Institute of Nuclear Physics Lomonosov Moscow State University. One of the most important results of such research is the proof of the inner magnetosphere position of the region of acceleration of relativistic electrons. Such position is determined by the minimal value of Dst variation during magnetic storm in accordance with Ludmila Tverskaya relation. The suggested explanations of such dependence are discussed taking into account the nonlinear distortions of the magnetic field by increased plasma pressure during magnetic storms. The appearance of the seed population of relativistic electrons, stochastic and regular mechanisms of electron acceleration are discussed. Results demonstrating the role of the processes at the regions mapped at the auroral oval latitudes in the acceleration of relativistic electrons are analyzed. Abstract Volume (www.iaga2013.org.mx), p. 58