ИСТИНА

In frame of the space program of Moscow University, the Universat-SOKRAT project is developing now. The aim of this project is elaboration of a spacecraft constellation for real-time monitoring of space hazards including radiation and transient luminous events (TLE) in the Earth atmosphere. During the first stage of the project implementation, 8 spacecraft of the CubeSat type were launched. To date, there are 5 such spacecraft operating in near-earth orbit, which regularly transmit scientific and telemetric data. These are the Amursat and VDNKh-80 satellites of the 3U format, which were launched into orbit on July 5, 2019 as a by-pass mission from the Vostochny cosmodrome, as well as 6U format DEKART and Norby cubesats (together with the Novosibirsk State University), cubsat Yarilo-2 of 1.5U format (together with the N.E.Bauman Moscow State Technical University), launched as a by-pass mission from the Plesetsk cosmodrome on September 28, 2020. These satellites operate on polar orbits with an altitude of about 550 km and an inclination of about 98о. They are equipped with the same type of instruments of the DeKoR type for space radiation monitoring, two (VDNKh-80 and DEKART) are also equipped with the AURA instruments for detecting of the ultraviolet radiation (UV) from the Earth's atmosphere. These instruments can be used also for TLE observations. Thus, for the first time, a unique multi-satellite constellation has been realized, which makes it possible to simultaneously measure the fluxes of particles and quanta using the same type of instruments at different points in the near-Earth space. Such measurements provide unique information on the dynamics of sub-relativistic electron fluxes in near-Earth space. In addition to the applied aspects related to the task of space weather monitoring, such measurements will provide important data necessary for understanding the mechanisms of acceleration and loss of trapped and quasi-trapped electrons. Simultaneous observations of radiation fluxes and UV emission from the upper Atmosphere give a good opportunity to study mutual influence of electron precipitation and energetic processes in the upper Atmosphere.