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The protons within the hydrogen atoms in water molecules possess parallel or antiparallelnuclear spin. Molecules with parallel spins are called ortho-H2O, with opposed spins -para-H2O. Para- and ortho- isomers of water have different physical and chemicalproperties: chemical reactivity, behavior in electric field, magnetic moment, viscosityand surface tension, and several other properties. Recent publications indicate theimportant role of spin-related processes in various physical, technological and biologicalfields: in quantum biology, in the catalysis of biochemical reactions, in cognitivefunctions of the brain, in research on spin switches and programmable matter, and other areas.