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Perchlorates become a topic for scientific discussion in recent decades due to their detection in Martian regolith, because perchlorate brines can be one of the potentially habitable niches on Mars. In recent years, a number of perchlorate-tolerant microorganisms have been described. The detection of microorganisms more resistant than currently known is important for understanding the possibility of microbial viability in the Martian regolith. The most promising is the study of microorganisms isolated from extreme habitats, since they showed high resistance to various stress-factors, including the presence of perchlorates in situ or in vitro.