ИСТИНА

Inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) are one of the most common groups of chronic diseases in recent decades. Despite the widespread prevalence of this disease, there is no accurate understanding of the ethology of IBD, since a wide range of factors can be the cause of its occurrence. For IBD, a characteristic feature is inflammation of the mucous membrane, followed by the occurrence of inflammatory processes leading to digestive disorders. In response to these disorders, innate immunity is activated and, as a result, T helper cells (Th1) and macrophages are attracted to the sites of inflammation. Macrophages play a key role in the development of the pathological pattern of IBD. Thus, macrophages secrete a wide range of cytokines, and also participate in the regulation of damaged tissue repair To study IBD, Muc2-/- mice are used, in which the mucin2 protein, which is a component of the intestinal mucosa, is knocked out. The absence of a normal mucous membrane leads to the development of an inflammatory process, the symptoms of which are similar to those of patients with ulcerative colitis. The development of colitis in Muc2-/- occurs spontaneously in the period from 8 to 20 weeks. In Muc2-/- mice, an increase in the expression of TNF-β and IL-1β was detected, the key molecules, involved in the pathogenesis of IBD. The most important characteristic of this IBD model is the ability to study a wide range of IBD symptoms on a single model. This gives the most accurate idea of the pathogenesis of IBD. Thus, the aim of this work is to study the effect of the phenotype of peritoneal macrophages on the course of IBD in Muc2-/-mice, and to develop therapeutic approaches based on switching macrophage phenotypes. Research tasks: 1. To evaluate the ratio of pro- and anti-inflammatory macrophages (in knockout mice and in wild-type mice; 2. Learn to isolate macrophages from Muc2-/- mice and differentiate them from M1 to M2 phenotype; 3. To evaluate the effect of macrophage transdifferentiation on inflammatory processes in the intestines of animals after intraperitoneal administration of cultured macrophages; 4. To evaluate the effect of transdifferentiation on the biochemical parameters of the animal;