ИСТИНА

By help of microsatellite markers the populations of sea and anadromous fishes with different level of genetic structuring were studied: jack mackerel Trachuru murphyi and disputable species T. symmetricus, some West Bering Sea and East Bering Sea pollock populations, populations of anadromous Atlantic trout Salmo trutta and Fare East anadromous and freshwater char populations. Always the genotype patterns were clearly representative of gene flow between populations compared. With satellite DNA the phylogenetic relations in salmon fishes genera Salmo, Оncorhynchus, Salvelinus and Coregonus were researched. The genetic distances resulted corresponded to phylogenetic trees by morphological and different biochemical markers and were in good agreement with dating of the clades. The 20-mer primer system was used in PCR-RAPD studies of white fish species (g. Coregonus). and anadromous and isolated freshwater populations and species of char ( g. Salvelinus). The phylogenetic trees were constructed and permit to resolve the disputable problems of these groups systematic. The definition of primers nucleotide sequences revealed occurrence of conservative areas of coding sequence and polymorphic repeated sequences ( minisatellites) at intergenic and intron areas. The results obtained argued about nonrandom nature of repeated DNA divergence that is representative of evolution of the studied fishes.