ИСТИНА

BACKGROUND & STATE OF THE ART Wildland fires are a major source of carbonaceous PM in the global atmosphere, affecting air quality, radiation heat exchange, and aerosol/cloud/climate interactions. Russian wildfires impact the large Eurasian region (Diapouli et al.,2014) that requires a large scale collaborative effort between European, Russian Federation and Chinese institutes. Quantification of Siberian atmospheric pollution and impacts of wildfires on changes in aerosol/climate system of subarctic and Arctic regions is one of the most important research priorities. Siberian wildfire observations and aerosol characterization are still limited. Impacts of intense Siberian forest fires during summer 2012-2013 on a regional scale were analyzed using observations at the Tomsk regional background station, IOA. The results demonstrate how the elevation of PM and BC during intensive wildfire events around the Tomsk city leads to an increase of single scattering albedo indicating the cooling effect of Siberian wildfires. Aerosol sampling and PM speciation analysis confirm the impacts of wildfires on aerosol chemistry by increasing the tracers of biomass burning such as OC/EC and molecular markers. Hazardous constituents from Siberian biomass burning such as nitrates and sulfates, carbonyl compounds, and carbonates are released and secondary formed into atmosphere together with carbonaceous particles and ash. Small-scale studies in a Large Aerosol Chamber support the OC/EC, organic/inorganic and smoke microstructure markers as fingerprints of Siberian emission particulate source in the atmosphere, indicating the dominant smoldering phase, the pathways and mechanisms of transport of organic and SLCF pollutants to the whole of the Siberian region and beyond. FUTURE RESEARCH NEEDS & RESEARCH QUESTIONS Lack of aerosol/BC characterization in Pan Eurasian ecosystems hinders climate and environment change assessments and prevents the development of rational mitigation strategies. Effective tool for assessments of combustion source contributions to SLCF is developed within the PEEX project. Climate effects (direct/indirect) of combustion source emissions, with special emphases on local diesel and long-transportation from Siberian wildfires, are suggested as the research questions to be addressed for Arctic pollution sources and source-specific SLCF properties with potential to affect Russian Arctic warming and icecap melting. Comprehensive optical and physico-chemical characterization of regional aerosol, of aerosol in Arctic haze, and its long transportation from wildfire regions is proposed for assessment of source contribution to SLCF at the International Observatory Tiksi on to the Arctic coast. There are strong needs in the knowledge and aerosol technology transfer from European institutions with currently on‐going monitoring methods and advances in the study of light absorbing carbonaceous aerosol to Russia for  contributio of expertise for high-quality, large-scale aerosol/BC monitoring in Arctic,  establishment of advanced infrastructure for aerosol/BC on a PEEX network in accordance to global network measurement standards(GAW, ACTRIS),  upgrading a number of ongoing ground-based stations as a pilot for a PEEX network,  development of mobile platforms for spatial and temporal aerosol/BC observations;  conducting a number of targeted near-source emission measurements campaigns in Arctic. The advanced instrumentation PEEX Program developing is proposed, including stationary/mobile stations with portable aerosol/ BC instruments, sampling systems, and analytic laboratories. E. Diapouli, O. Popovicheva, M. Kistler, S. Vratolis, N. Persiantseva, M. Timofeev, A. Kasper-Giebl, K. Eleftheriadis (2014). Physicochemical characterization of aged biomass burning aerosol after long- range transport to Greece from large scale wildfires in Russia and surrounding Regions, Summer 2010. Atmos. Environ., 96, 393–404