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The present study was conducted to assess soil contamination in Erdenet, the Mongolian city with a gigantic ore-mining and ore-dressing complex that was founded mainly to exploit the area’s deposits of copper and molybdenum ore. The objectives of the study were: (1) to determine the content of heavy metals (HMs) and metalloids in soils of background and urban landscapes and to evaluate environmental hazard of HMs pollution; (2) to compile geochemical maps and to define zones with anomalously high concentrations of toxic elements in the city, (3) to identify spatial patterns and leading factors of pollutant accumulation.