ИСТИНА

Two selection experiments were performed - the selection for large and small relative brain weight resulted in 15% brain mass, while the selection for high capacity to solve the cognitive task (the ability to extrapolate the direction of stimulus movement) resulted in creation of strain Ex (in comparison to control unselected mice – CoEX). The battery of behavioral tests applied demonstrated several significant differences between these strain pairs which were consistent selection. LB mice were significantly superior than SB in puzzle-box burrowing task, extrapolation task and T-maze task acquisition and demonstrated the lower level of anxiety in open field and EPM test as well as lower hyponeophagia in the special test. EX mice were significantly superior to controls in puzzle box task and hyponeophagia test, while their anxiety (EPM and light-dark test) was higher. The comparison of mice from 4 strains mentioned above permits to demonstrate that anxiety indices obtained in different tests are not uniform, but heterogeneous by their mechanisms. The experiments demonstrated that the mouse ability to solve the cognitive tasks of different kind requires from an animal the expression of optimal ratios of anxiety, caution and explorative behaviors. As the differences revealed in these selection experiments are held in the selection generations these pairs of strains could be regarded as the plausible model for effects of pharmacological agents (drug capacity to modulate the expression of cognitive traits) in the search of means for behavioral correction. The work was performed using the guidelines of EC Declaration 2010 (2010/63/EU). Partly supported by RFBR, grant N 16-04-01169А and State Registration Programm “Neurobiology of animal behavior” N NIOKTR АААА-А16-116021660055-1.»