ИСТИНА

The interest to the Arctic and other cold regions of Eurasia, as the most vulnerable ecoregion, was always high. This interest is especially intensified in the current period of pronounced human-affected climate change, as a result of increased industrial and agricultural emissions of greenhouse gases. The Eurasian cold regions are critical to earth's climate not only through the balance of greenhouse gases between ecosystems and atmosphere, and changes of surface albedo, but also due to vast reserves of greenhouse gases stored in the permafrost. In recent years, the scientific focus turned not only on the global impacts of human activity, but also to figure out how different forms of local anthropogenic impacts could affect greenhouse gas emissions, and how this influence is comparable to the influence of global climate changes. In addition, it is important to establish a net of circumpolar monitoring stations of soil emissions of biogenic greenhouse gases in the Arctic. With this purpose in 2014-2017 we organized the field measurements of emissions of soil biogenic greenhouse gases and related parameters in the key Arctic locations under the influence of the main local anthropogenic factors. In 2017 we also organized the greenhouse gases measurements across more than 3000-km subcontinental transect in the cold ultra-continental region of Eurasia from Baikal to Oimyakon (the Pole of Cold of the Northern Hemisphere). The measurements of soil emission in ultra-continental areas previously were mainly gained from scarce monitoring stations (Takakai, 2008; van Huissteden, 2008).