ИСТИНА

Changing climatic conditions and volcanic activity on the Kamchatka Peninsula have triggered a large number of devastating volcanic debris flows (lahars), which have the potential to reach and devastate populated areas. While there are complete records of the past decades for volcano eruptions around the village of Klyuchi, lahars have only been recorded when infrastructure was damaged. In order to better understand the spatial and temporal outreach of lahars, we sampled 70 willows (Salix sp.) and 126 larches(Larix sp.) growing on the foothills of Klyuchevskoy and Shiveluch volcanoes. All sampled trees show signs of past lahar activity, e.g. injuries, burial, tilting or root exposure and allow reconstruction of past lahar occurrence to the mid-18th century. Dendrogeomorphic analysis are complemented by information from satellite imagery, known volcanic eruptions, confirmed lahars and climate date to reconstruct the frequency and spatial patterns of recorded and unrecorded lahars.