ИСТИНА

A decoding method, an encoding method, a decoder and an encoder are disclosed. In an embodiment the decoding method includes receiving, at a receiver of a receiving side, signals from a transmitting side, the signals including a code word and decoding, at a decoder of the receiving side, the code word using a low density parity check (LDPC) code in which each n adjacent rows, n>1, in an extension part of a base parity check matrix (PCM) are orthogonal except for punctured information columns.