Аннотация:Tourism and recreation cluster (TRC) is a group of geographically adjoining and interacting companies,scientific, educational and public institutions allied with state administrative bodies that form and provide tourist flows using tourism resources of the territory. There are TRC of different levels: municipal, intermunicipal, regional, interregional, federal and cross-border (international). Clusters of different levels form an integrated system, providing the needs of people in recreation and tourism. Clustering is determined by the following reasons: 1. particular innovative environment improving the competitiveness of the territory is generated within a cluster; 2. risk level is reduced and tourism product quality is increased owing to the effect of synergy; 3. well-balanced and sustainable growth of the territory and its residents employment are provided; 4. TRC contributes to the adjoining industries progress within the region. TRC is an effective tool for tourism and recreation growth supported by public-private partnership (PPP). PPP is a system of effective interaction between administrative institutions of different levels and business in order to implement projects of public importance and programs of regional socio-economic development aimed at improving its life quality. This model is currently being implemented in the Federal Target Program “Development of Domestic and Inbound Tourism in the Russian Federation (2011-2018)”. Scientific and HR support play the major role in high-quality construction of TRCs. At present, more than 700 higher educational institutions offer professional training and retraining of personnel for tourism development in Russia. Its further development is linked with tourism safety system worked out together with the
EMERCOM of Russia.