Аннотация:The paper discusses possible impacts of the interstellar matter (ISM) on processes on the Earth, first of all those, which may affect the Earth biosphere. ISM parameters, determining the penetration of galactic cosmic rays, interstellar atoms, and ions into the Solar system and their impact on Earth varies considerably as the Sun moves through different ISM regions. In some cases the impact may provoke severe environment changes substantial for the life on Earth.