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Anadynamy: fore-hind leg conformity in quadrupeds coevolves with running techniqueстатья
Дата последнего поиска статьи во внешних источниках: 28 мая 2015 г.
- Автор: Kuznetsov A.N.
- Журнал: Journal of Morphology
- Том: 232
- Номер: 3
- Год издания: 1997
- Издательство: John Wiley & Sons Inc.
- Местоположение издательства: United States
- Первая страница: 283
- Последняя страница: 283
- Аннотация: (Abstract) In lower quadrupeds, the pes parallels the manus when the foot is on the ground, but when off the ground the femur and the crus aye reversed counterparts of the humerus and the antebrachium respectively, because the knee and elbow point towards one another This leg conformity is teemed homodynamy. Therians have acquired an overlapping leg conformity, the anadynamy. from mobilization of the scapula and elevation of the "tarsometatarsus". On the ground. the toes alone parallel the manus. Off the ground, the femur, crus and "tarsometatarsus" (additional lower segment) parallel the scapula (additional upper segment), humerus and antebrachium, respectively These Z-like triplets combine merits of the two counter-bent doublets of lower quadrupeds. Botn patterns are aimed ad reduction of the work performed by the leg muscles against each other during the contact phase in level running at a constant speed. In primitive symmetrical locomotion the leg onto a backwards-bent foreleg. In therian asymmetrical locomotion the Z-like fore and hind legs support the body alternately, and each emulates successively forwards-bent and backwards-bent doublets. Homodynamy, like anadynamy, is both secondary to the somite metamery and function dependent, and so should also be treated as a form of analogy, rather than homology.
- Добавил в систему: Панютина Александра Андреевна