Место издания:Eolss Publishers Paris, France, [http://www.eolss.net]
Аннотация:This chapter presents the basic definitions, models, and approaches related to the
problems on evaluation of the bearing (or carrying) capacity of floating ice under the
action of short-term and long-term static loads, and moving loads. The question of ice
cover breakage is also discussed with special attention to a possible role of the crack
system (radial and arc-wise) occurring at a certain stage of ice cover loading. Several
model problems for an ice beam resting on water are considered in details to illustrate
the main mechanical effects inherent to ice cover at static loading, while the appropriate
effects in the case of ice plates are discussed mainly qualitatively. The mechanisms of
ice fracture, which have essential influence on the ice cover bearing capacity, are
illustrated. Some relevant historical remarks are also given.