Аннотация:Nowadays, biotechnology of photosynthetic organisms sees an upwardtrend in usage of immobilized cells to accomplish diverse goals ranging from productionof value-added molecules to destruction of unwanted contaminants. Thistrend exists for a good reason: from the standpoint of microalgae (MA) large-scalecultivation, immobilization provides several important advantages. Namely, theimmobilized cell culture is generally more robust than suspended one, there is noneed for a costly cell-harvesting procedure, and overall cultivation process becomesmore manageable in case of immobilized cells. The applications of immobilizationare based on the natural capacity of the microbes to adhere to the substrate and toeach other. This chapter is dedicated to the biotechnological use of immobilizedmicroalgal cells; its benefits and caveats are discussed. Special attention is paid tobiological basis of the cell immobilization and the biology of immobilized cells.