Divide and Rule: Phase Separation in Eukaryotic Genome Functioning

Razin, S.V.; Ulianov, S.V.

Авторы: Razin S.V., Ulianov S.V.
Журнал: Cells
Том: 9
Номер: 11
Год издания: 2020
Издательство: MDPI
Местоположение издательства: Basel, Switzerland
DOI: 10.3390/cells9112480
Аннотация: he functioning of a cell at various organizational levels is determined by the interactions between macromolecules that promote cellular organelle formation and orchestrate metabolic pathways via the control of enzymatic activities. Although highly specific and relatively stable protein-protein, protein-DNA, and protein-RNA interactions are traditionally suggested as the drivers for cellular function realization, recent advances in the discovery of weak multivalent interactions have uncovered the role of so-called macromolecule condensates. These structures, which are highly divergent in size, composition, function, and cellular localization are predominantly formed by liquid-liquid phase separation (LLPS): a physical-chemical process where an initially homogenous solution turns into two distinct phases, one of which contains the major portion of the dissolved macromolecules and the other one containing the solvent. In a living cell, LLPS drives the formation of membrane-less organelles such as the nucleolus, nuclear bodies, and viral replication factories and facilitates the assembly of complex macromolecule aggregates possessing regulatory, structural, and enzymatic functions. Here, we discuss the role of LLPS in the spatial organization of eukaryotic chromatin and regulation of gene expression in normal and pathological conditions.
Добавил в систему: Ульянов Сергей Владимирович

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Divide and Rule: Phase Separation in Eukaryotic Genome Functioningстатья Исследовательская статья

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