Аннотация:Great number of factors, which influence the cell behavior and tissue formation at the injury site when using scaffolds are known. Here, we analyzed the effect of structural heterogeneity of scaffolds on cellular behavior. All scaffolds were obtained by two-photon polymerization technic. We found that the MSC behavior and metabolism have a great differences between the heterogeneous and standard tissue constructs. The main differences relate to cell migration, proliferation, and metabolic pathways. The heterogeneous scaffolds can significantly expand the fundamental knowledge of cellular behavior and the formation of various types of tissues in vitro and in vivo.