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Agricultural Landscapes: History, Status and Challengesстатья
- Авторы: Mueller Lothar, Eulenstein Frank, Dronin Nikolai, Mirschel Wilfried, McKenzie Blair M., Antrop Marc, Jones Michael, Dannowski Ralf, Schindler Uwe, Behrendt Axel, Rukhovich Olga V., Sychev Viktor G., Sheudzhen Askhad K., Romanenkov Vladimir A., Trofimov Ilya, Robinson Guy M., Schreg Rainer, Blum Winfried E.H, Salnjikov Elmira, Saparov Abdulla, Pachikin Konstantin, Römbke Jörg, Manton Michael, Angelstam Per, Hennings Volker, Poulton Paul
- Сборник: Mueller L., Sychev V.G., Dronin N.M., Eulenstein F. (eds) Exploring and Optimizing Agricultural Landscapes. Innovations in Landscape Research
- Глава в коллективной монографии
- Год издания: 2021
- Место издания: Springer, Cham
- Первая страница: 3
- Последняя страница: 54
- DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-67448-9_1
- Аннотация: Agricultural landscapes (rural landscapes, agrolandscapes) are territories shaped by agricultural production. They have enabled the development of human civilizations and are a cultural achievement. Peasants, farmers and agricultural enterprises feed society. They have created agricultural landscapes for their business and habitats for their life. To understand transformation processes in agricultural landscapes, we analyse the history of agriculture with a special focus on Europe and Eurasia. Current agricultural landscapes in a crowded, globalized world are multifunctional, highly complex systems. They not only serve to produce food commodities and energy for the increasing and expanding urban population but also provide diverse ecosystem services and need to cater for the demands of the rural population. Current agriculture is highly productive in wealthy countries, but due to high inputs it is also responsible for environmental problems such as water pollution and loss of biodiversity. Industrial-style agriculture in large fields has resulted in increased productivity but simplified the structure of landscapes and eliminated elements of nature and rural culture. Major problems that urgently need to be addressed include trends towards disrupting natural cycles in agricultural production, soil and water degradation, ageing populations in villages and the breakdown of rural infrastructure. Agricultural landscape research provides analyses to understand these processes and helps elaborate sustainable scientific, technical and cultural solutions.
- Добавил в систему: Романенков Владимир Аркадьевич