Аннотация:Based on the results of calculations of the Earth's insolation (based on the DE-406 astronomicalephemeris), the characteristics of the change in the annual meridional insolationgradient (MIG) were obtained for the period from 3000 BC and until 2999 AD. It was determinedthat the maximum changes in MHI are localized in the areas of 60° –70° latitude ineach hemisphere. This may be the reason for the intensification of the intensity of extratropicalcyclogenesis (climate instability). Modeling of the surface air temperature (SAT) and theocean surface temperature (SST) was carried out on the basis of regression analysis. The annualinsolation contrast was taken as a predictor, reflecting MIG changes in a generalizedmanner (for the regions of the source and sink of radiation heat). It was determined that theregression model determines from 69.3% to 84.1% of long-term changes in SAT and SST.Changes in the MIG (IR) in the modern era are associated with a decrease in the angle of inclinationof the Earth's axis of rotation.