Environmental changes since 14 ka BP in the southernmost Kuril islands (North-Western Pacific) and regional correlation of eventsстатья
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Дата последнего поиска статьи во внешних источниках: 8 апреля 2022 г.
Аннотация:Despite considerable progress in understanding Late Pleistocene and Holocene palaeoenvironmental changesworldwide, there are still very few such data for the Far East, and Kuril islands, in particular. Here, the sea levelrise during the Late Glacial–Holocene transition was accompanied by a loss of the land connectivity culminatinginto the development of isolated islands. The ecosystems evolution and importance of isolation for vegetationdynamics on islands are still insufficiently understood. We investigated a unique natural record of environmentalchange since 14 ka has been recently discovered in lake–mire complex on Kunashir Island. The sediments include12 tephra layers from Kunashir and Hokkaido volcanoes. The lake level was highest during warmer and humidclimate of the Allerød. Diatom assemblages indicated the higher lake level between 12 730–12 160 cal yr BP. Thefirst half of Younger Dryas was characterized by heavy snowfalls. Cooling attributed to the Younger Dryas in theSouthern Kurils was less distinct than on the continent. The pollen assemblages recorded changes in vegetationon the land bridge. At the end of the Pleistocene large areas were occupied by birch forests and shrub pine. Thebroadleaf species first appeared at the end of Allerød. Starting from the Pleistocene-Holocene transition andduring the early Holocene, the role of conifers sharply increased. In the middle Holocene the proportion ofbroadleaf trees in forests increased. Coniferous forests became abundant during the Little Ice Age. Short-ternclimatic fluctuations correlate well with regional pattern, particularly with fluctuations of the moisture supply.