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V.Pogadaev, J.M. Severy. South-East Asia: Towards a New Stage of Cultural Dialogueтезисы доклада
- Автор: Погадаев В.А.
- Сборник: Ломоносовские чтения. Востоковедение. Тезисы докладов научной конференции (Москва, 18 апреля 2016 г.)
- Серия: Востоковедение
- Тезисы
- Год издания: 2016
- Место издания: Московский государственный университет имени М.В. Ломоносова, Институт стран Азии и Африки М.: Изд-во "Тезаурус"
- Первая страница: 365
- Последняя страница: 367
- Аннотация: V. Pogadaev, J. M. Severy Southeast Asia: Towards a New Stage of Cultural Dialogue From old times, SEA due to natural ― geographical and environmental similarities appears as a united economic and cultural ― ideological complex. That allowed the ancient Chinese to speak about a common cultural entity of the region and to designate it with the word “Kun Lun” (the name of high mountains in Western China). In the sphere of manufacture this entity was characterized by cultivation of rice in irrigated fields, domestication of bulls and buffaloes, use of metals, development of maritime navigation; in the field of social order ― by the important role of women, by the social organization of communal type, typical for irrigation economy; in art and culture by distribution of various kinds of puppet theater, gong orchestras, special methods of fabric painting (batik, ikat), by building houses on stilts, occurrence of various types of games with rotan balls. The most advanced of all civilizations of the region was the DongSon culture in Vietnam. A great impulse for culture of the region was Indian and Chinese. Arts of this period, in particular, in Cambodia (Angkor), Myanmar (Pa- 366 Ломоносовские чтения. Востоковедение gan), and Indonesia (Central Java) has reached the heights comparable to the best samples of European arts. At the same time it was not a mere imitation of the Indian and Chinese canons. External influence was transformed by local societies as the culture of Ancient Greece by European peoples, harmonized with local ideas and customs. Moreover, it is possible to speak about a return influence of SEA culture. In particular, in the sphere of navigation, Indians and Chinese have got acquainted with boats with the balance weight from Malays and till now use old Malay names of measures and weights. SEA cultural identity was determined not only by primordial similarity, but also by expansion of cultural connections between various territories of the region. The important stage of development of culture in SEA is connected with the penetration of Islam (Indonesia, Malaysia, Brunei, partly Philippines, Vietnam, Cambodia, Thailand, and Singapore). In these countries and territories, Islam has penetrated into the belief system, language, literature, music, common law (adat), and exercised a big influence on the fine arts having strengthened their decorative nature. The spreading of Christianity accompanied colonial conquest by the Western powers (from XVI century) had essential influence only on the Philippines and on East Timor. Certainly, colonialism promoted involvement of the SEA countries into global historical process and acquaintance of the people of the region with Western culture, but at the same time it had negative impact on the region by breaking cultural dialogue between the nations. But the cultural dialogue was revived with the end of colonial system. As a result of active policy of the governments of the region there are objective preconditions for a new stage of cultural dialogue on the basis of synthesis of the traditional values which still exist despite all external influence and cultural relations by upholding simultaneously national identity in each country. The policy of the countries in the region is aimed at preserving everything precious that is left as a legacy of past generations, to prevent the negative impact of globalization. In this regard, the recent intensification of islamization in Malaysia can be considered as a shield against the penetration of destructive elements of Western culture (sex, violence, etc.). Thanks to the activities of ASEAN one can see the intensification of the process of cultural interpenetration of its members which from old times demonstrated civilizational commonness. A great role in this is played by ASEAN Cultural Fund, established on the basis of decision of the 11-th Conference of Foreign Ministers of ASEAN countries in 1978 and partly funded by Japan. The purpose of the fund is to protect ethno-cultural identities of SEA nations, to create a regional community and contribute to achievements in other spheres. One of the projects is a program of studying Malay culture, supported by UNESCO. Through this fund, archaeological excavations, cultural exchange programmes, seminars, exhibitions, film festivals are carried out.
- Добавил в систему: Погадаев Виктор Александрович