Transformation of Kastanozems under Conditions of UrbanTechnopedogenesis within the City of Volgograd

Gordienko, O.A.; Prokof’eva, T.V.

Авторы: Gordienko O.A., Prokof’eva T.V.
Журнал: Moscow University Soil Science Bulletin
Том: 77
Номер: 1
Год издания: 2022
Издательство: Allerton Press Inc.
Местоположение издательства: United States
Первая страница: 12
Последняя страница: 22
Оригинальные версии: Трансформация каштановых почв в условиях технопедогенеза в пределах г. Волгограда
DOI: 10.3103/S0147687422010021
Аннотация: The features of anthropogenic transformation of natural chestnut soils and genesis of urban soilsunder the conditions of the dry-steppe natural zone on the territory of Volgograd have been comprehensivelystudied. We have compared morphological characteristics of natural soils and their anthropogenic-modifiedcounterparts. The morphology of each of 16 transects has been described. The morphological parameters ofurban and chestnut soils of the city outskirts have been compared. Natural AJ light-humus horizons disap-pear, and the mean thickness of diagnostic BMK xerometamorphic horizons decreases under the effect ofurban pedogenesis. The upper boundary of the BCA carbonate-accumulative horizon has become deeper by32 cm as compared to natural chestnut soils. Urban techno-pedogenesis has resulted in the appearance ofinclusions represented by debris of building materials and garbage accumulated during the functioning ofhuman settlements and in the change in soil structure, density, and effervescence. Modern surface horizonsoften effervesce with 10% HCl. Carbonates have been leached due to irrigation of landscaped recreationalareas of the city. Four variants of morphological transformation of chestnut soils in Volgograd as a result ofurban pedogenesis have been revealed: (i) soils of initial technotransformation stages with changes in theupper horizons; (ii) soils with thick urban horizons, overlapping the preserved diagnostic horizons; (iii) bur-ied natural rocks by man-made soils of various thickness with almost complete destruction (removal) of nat-ural soil horizons; and (iv) soils with thick humus horizons formed as a result of intensive organic matter inputwith compost. It is revealed that most of the soil profiles in the city are completely formed on man-madedeposits and do not contain natural soil horizons to a depth of 1.5 m. According to the Field Guide for Rus-sian Soils, the studied soils of the first transformation variant are defined as urban-stratified ones. The soilsof the variants may be assigned to man-made surface formations. The content of organic carbon in the urban,technogenic, and replanted horizons averages 1.1, 0.25, and 1.6%, respectively. Chemical analysis of urbic,reclamation, and technogenic horizons has revealed a low content of easily soluble salts (0.14%) and carbon-ates (0.9%). Soil density averages 1.4–1.43 g/cm3 in the UR and RAT horizons and 1.55 g/cm3 in the TCHhorizons. The mean density of buried soil is 1.43 g/cm3 in the AJ, 1.49 g/cm3 in the BMK, 1.62 g/cm3 in theB, and 1.54 g/cm3 in the BCA horizons, which is higher than the mean density of native chestnut soils. Theburied horizons are also characterized by leaching from salts, a lower content of calcium carbonate than inthe background soils, alkalization of medium, as well as a decrease in organic carbon by 0.35% on average inthe AJ, BMK, and B horizons and by 0.28% in the BCA horizon. The mean CaCO3 content is 1.4% in theupper humus and middle horizons and 4.3% in the carbonate horizon. The data obtained enable a more com-prehensive study of specific features of genesis of urban soils and of the anthropogenic transformation of nat-ural chestnut soils under urban conditions of the dry-steppe natural zone.
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Transformation of Kastanozems under Conditions of UrbanTechnopedogenesis within the City of Volgogradстатья Исследовательская статья

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