Аннотация:Based on the literature review revealing interest in research of neurophysiological predictors of the postural control and own results in this field, this presentation will address what is known about the alpha oscillations role in the excellence and/or disturbing of postural control. Posture control abilities include processing sensory inputs (vestibular, proprioceptive, visual, and gravitational) and producing a motor response. Consequently, sensory-motor integration (SMI) in postural control is a process of receiving sensory and/or affective information, its interpretation, and the organization of motor response through a feedback system of the CNS (Bernstein, 1966). Studying the role of alpha oscillations in balance control presents a unique setting for SMI studying and its neurobiological underlying. Alpha oscillations form the dominant rhythm in the healthy adult human brain and reflect short and long interbrain connections of the sensorimotor feedback mechanisms. Individual alpha peak frequency (iAPF) has been shown as a highly heritable and stable neurophysiological "key" marker reflecting anatomical properties of the brain and individuals' general cognitive capacity (Kliemisch et al., 1993; Mierau et al., 2017). The magnitude of alpha amplitude suppression could present an indicator of neuronal activation (Barry et al., 2007) while increasing the alpha power is discussed as an inhibitory control mechanism. However, just a few pieces of evidence suggest that the alpha oscillations participate in postural control. We analyzed of literature on the study of alpha EEG indicators of the postural control and sensorimotor integration with keywords searches: "balance," "postural control," "sensorimotor integration," "alpha EEG indices," in the MEDLINE, Web of Science (WoS) and Google Scholar databases have been carried out since their inception until March 2021. This review integrates experimental and computational perspectives to shed new light on the potential role played by alpha oscillations in posture control and discuss the resulting implications. Based on the converging experimental and theoretical results from recent studies, here we propose that alpha oscillations variability forms the basis of SMI as an adaptive mechanism reflecting the neuronal efficiency, which has important functional implications in posture control dependent on the individuals "alpha frequency state."The study was supported by budgetary funding for basic scientific research (theme No.АААА-А21-121011990039-2) and supported in part by RFBR (project No 19-013-00317а; 20-113-50129)