Аннотация:Preschool age is a sensitive period for the development of executive functions. Our training experiment included a 7-week intervention in which children participated in play sessions for 20-30 minutes twice a week. Before and af er the intervention, the development of three components of executive functions (working memory, cognitive f exibility, and inhibition) was assessed. Participants (n=199, 46,7% females), aged from 52 to 69 months (M=60,79; SD=4,10) were assigned to one of the f ve experimental groups: three types of role play (free role play; role play guided by an adult; role play guided by a child), digital games, games with rules (board games). T e children in the control group drew on the theme of the story read by the adult. T e results conf rmed the influence of play on the development of executive functions compared to control group. Comparative analysis of groups showed that digital games and board games affected visual-spatial working memory more, while variations of pretend play had greater influence on physical and cognitive inhibition.