Apple flavonols during fruit adaptation to solar radiation: spectral features and technique for non-destructive assessmentстатья
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Дата последнего поиска статьи во внешних источниках: 18 июля 2013 г.
Аннотация:Spectral properties of flavonols of three varieties (Golden Delicious, Antonovka, and Renet Simirenko) of anthocyanin-free apple fruit were investigated with reflectance spectroscopy. The results of spectral and biochemical analyses suggested that fruit reflectance in a broad spectral range 365-430nm is strongly dependent on and, in sunlit fruit surfaces, governed by flavonols. The build up of peel flavonols (mainly rutin and other quercetin glycosides) resulted in a dramatic decrease of fruit reflectance in this range, flattening of the spectrum, and extending the region with low reflectance (4-5%) to ca. 410 nm. The spectral features observed suggest that flavonols contribute significantly to screening of excessive radiation, not only UV-A, but in the short-wave bands of chlorophyll and carotenoid absorption in the visible part of the spectrum as well. To retrieve quantitatively flavonol content from reflectance spectra, we tested the applicability of an inversion technique developed for non-destructive leaf pigment assessment. The model for flavonot content assessment was suggested in the form (R-410(-1) - R-460(-1))R-800, where RA is reflectance at wavelength. The model was linearly related to flavonol content between 8 and 220nmol/cm(2) with the coefficient of determination r(2) = 0.92 and root mean square error of flavonot estimation of 20 nmol/cm(2) regardless of cultivar, chlorophyll, and carotenoid content. (c) 2004 Elsevier GmbH. All rights reserved.