Аннотация:Two programs in the MATLAB environment for studying chemical andmineralogical composition of asteroids from their visible-range reflectancespectra were previously developed by us. The first one is used for estimationof mineral composition of the asteroid surface matter on the basis of spectralcharacteristics of known meteorite and mineral analog samples. The secondprogram allows estimation of a taxonomic class of an asteroid. As followsfrom our analysis of asteroid spectral characteristics, reflectance spectra ofsome of asteroids obtained near perihelion at good photometric conditionsturned out to be very different in comparison with their spectra from SMASSIIdatabase and those of their probable meteorite analogs. We suggested thatpresence of a scattering media, like a dust exosphere arising due to sublimationof subsurface deposits of water ice on primitive-type asteroids near perihelion(at the highest subsolar temperatures), might have been an obstacle for acorrect determination of their chemical and mineral matter composition by thespectral method. At the same time, such phenomenon (if present) could beused as an indication of a considerable H2O content in interiors of asteroidsconsidered.