Аннотация:Abstract
A summary of a bulk data and main results obtained by world wide net for entire period of ground observations of solar cosmic rays (SCR) starting from the moment of their discovery (28 February 1942) are given. We briefly describe the methods and installations for SCR registration and discuss in detail a number of fundamental physical, methodical and applied aspects related to the generation of accelerated particles at the Sun, interactions with the solar atmosphere, transport in the interplanetary magnetic field (IMF), SCR’s impact on the terrestrial atmosphere. Special attention is paid to modern models and concepts of Ground Level Enhancements (GLE) of solar cosmic rays. We outline also the most promising directions for development and application of this effective instrument of solar-terrestrial physics.