Аннотация:This paper is concerned history of studying psychophysiology of semantics in the frame of E.N. Sokolov vector psychophysiology and modern ideas of developing this field of interest. The main idea is to investigate not only a brain mechanism of comprehension means of the signs related to one semantic category, but a mechanism of tuning semantic category based on verbal and non-verbal contexts. Both mechanisms could be described by principals of vector psychophysiology.