Approaches to Disposal of Nuclear Waste

Ojovan, M.I.; Steinmetz, H.J.

Авторы: Ojovan M.I., Steinmetz H.J.
Журнал: Energies
Том: 15
Номер: 7804
Год издания: 2022
Издательство: MDPI
Местоположение издательства: Basel, Switzerland
Первая страница: 1
Последняя страница: 23
Номер статьи: 7804
DOI: 10.3390/en15207804
Аннотация: We present a concise mini overview on the approaches to the disposal of nuclear waste currently used or deployed. The disposal of nuclear waste is the end point of nuclear waste management (NWM) activities and is the emplacement of waste in an appropriate facility without the intention toretrieve it. The IAEA has developed an internationally accepted classification scheme based on the end points of NWM, which is used as guidance. Retention times needed for safe isolation of waste radionuclides are estimated based on the radiotoxicity of nuclear waste. Disposal facilities usually rely on a multi-barrier defence system to isolate the waste from the biosphere, which comprises thenatural geological barrier and the engineered barrier system. Disposal facilities could be of a trench type, vaults, tunnels, shafts, boreholes, or mined repositories. A graded approach relates the depth of the disposal facilities’ location with the level of hazard. Disposal practices demonstrate the reliabilityof nuclear waste disposal with minimal expected impacts on the environment and humans.
Добавил в систему: Ожован Михаил Иванович

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