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Satellite instrumentation and technique for oil pollution monitoring of the seasстатья
- Авторы: Kostianoy A.G., Lavrova O.Yu
- Сборник: Instrumentation and Measurement Technologies for Water Cycle Management
- Глава в коллективной монографии
- Год издания: 2022
- Издательство: Springer Nature
- Местоположение издательства: Switzerland
- Первая страница: 53
- Последняя страница: 77
- Аннотация: The chapter provides a brief overview of satellite instrumentation, techniques and methods for oil spill detection on the sea surface. Monitoring of oil pollution from space is usually carried out using the synthetic aperture radars (SAR) and advanced synthetic aperture radars (ASAR) installed on satellites launched in different years by USA, ESA, USSR, Japan, Canada, Germany, and Italy. The first SAR system was installed on the SEASAT satellite launched on 27 June 1978, and since that time SAR systems showed their efficiency in oil spill detection on the sea surface. As any remote, in-situ or laboratory method, SAR remote sensing has a set of advantages (wide swath, all weather, day/night, daily periodicity, etc.) as well as disadvantages which include look-alikes caused by natural oceanic and atmospheric phenomena and processes, which need to be discriminated from oil pollution. Application of the SAR systems is illustrated by several examples of oil spill detection in different parts of the World Ocean and inland seas. Discussion of the assessment of total volume of oil pollution for the Baltic and Mediterranean seas shows that this is a difficult task and we still don’t know real values of oil pollution of the marine environment. Development of scientific foundations and methodology for the quantitative assessment of environmental state of marine areas and of total amount of oil pollution of the World Ocean and inland seas is extremely urgent. Many water areas are most susceptible to oil pollution due to the large-scale development of oil and gas reserves on the sea shelf, offshore exploration of oil/gas reserves, construction and operation of offshore platforms, oil terminals, hydrocarbon storage facilities, ports, laying of underwater pipelines, and growth of shipping activities.
- Добавил в систему: Костяной Андрей Геннадьевич