Location of productive forces in the knowledge economy

Pilyasov, A.; Goncharov, R.

Авторы: Pilyasov Alexander, Goncharov Ruslan
Журнал: Regional Research of Russia
Том: 13
Номер: 1
Год издания: 2023
Издательство: Pleiades Publishing, Ltd
Местоположение издательства: Road Town, United Kingdom
Первая страница: 129
Последняя страница: 141
DOI: 10.1134/S207997052270054X
Аннотация: The relevance of the topic is determined by a pioneering attempt to generalize, based on worldexperience and Russian realities of the last three decades, new patterns in the location of Russia’s productiveforces arising in connection with innovative modernization of the national economy. This research objectivehas identified the solution to three main problems: (1) identification and characterization of urban agglomerations,economic clusters, and new industrial areas as new forms of the location of Russia’s productiveforces; (2) analysis of the phenomenon of center–periphery dichotomy of the Russian space using the toolsof the gravity model; (3) study of differences in the factors involved in placing new industrial facilities in Russia,depending on the degree of their production efficiency. The main methods for solving these problemswere multiscale analysis, the Clark–Medvedkov potential model, and comparative analysis. Analysis showedthat the new location patterns of Russia’s productive forces are associated with the rise in importance of urbanagglomerations, and economic clusters, grassroots (small) economic districts in the form of localized areas ofincreased economic concentration: innovation valleys, technology parks, industrial parks, special economiczones, etc., as modern forms of the spatial organization of productive forces. These forms of compact placementyield better conditions for the learning processes between employees and firms, the flow of knowledge,and generation of innovations than former, larger, and more spatially dispersed ones. The Russia’s placementsspecifics include low population density of the country’s space, extreme cold, significant underurbanization,and landlocked territory. These features of the Russian space are manifested in the particular natureof Russia’s center–periphery: about half the country’s territory does not have “distinct” nearby center, therole of which in innovative modernization and spatial reorganization is therefore under force carried out byMoscow. The main modern watershed in placement processes is not along the industrial-nonindustrial axis;rather, it involves routine–creative types of economic activity. Industrial facilities themselves can fall into thecategories of routine and creative. The tendency for innovative (new) industries to cluster in space is relatedto the role of knowledge flows: closer to the places of development of new knowledge, technical, and technologicalinnovations. The high-tech branches of the electronic and biotechnological industries, which rely onthe intangible assets of new knowledge and new technical solutions, are maximally concentrated in terms oflocation. The traditional industrial sectors of the light and food industries are much more dispersed. Thelocation of high-tech types of economic activity is particularly sensitive to the factors of the institutional environment,the agglomeration effect, and the presence of innovation infrastructure facilities. Modernization ofthe spatial organization of Russia’s productive forces, in the presence of general innovation trends, proceedswith significant specifics in large metropolitan agglomerations, million-plus cities, old industrial districts,single-industry cities, and industrial–agrarian and agrarian territories.
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