Аннотация:The paper notes that after the formation of the Virgin Landsarea in December 1960, the local health authorities faced a pressing issueof solving the problems of tuberculosis spread among the local population,as well as people resettled there. Tuberculosis, like other infectiousdiseases, was widespread in Kazakhstan. The establishment of tuberculosisdispensaries and the creation of fluorography and X-ray machines haveprovided an opportunity to expand preventive measures for theexamination and detection of tuberculosis patients. The health authoritiesof the Virgin Lands area considered work in this direction as improving thequality of medical care. However, the quality of treatment was oftenreduced due to the facts that the treatment regimen was violated in severaldispensaries, there were not enough specialists, control over the full andlong-term treatment of tuberculosis patients was not imposed. The authorsof the paper concluded that insufficient and not universal organization ofmedical care was one of the reasons for the high incidence of tuberculosisamong the population.