Seismohydrogeological Phenomena as a Earthquakes’ Trigger Impact on Groundwater (by the Example of the Wells of the Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky Test Site, Kamchatka Peninsula)статья
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Аннотация:Based on the long-term observations of the wells on the Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky Test Site, the
Kamchatka Peninsula, the paper analyzes manifestations of three main types of seismohydrogeological
effects – hydrogeological precursors, coseismic pressure jumps and postseismic effects of the vibrational
impact of seismic waves in measurements of the pressure and chemical composition of groundwater, depending
on the earthquake parameters (magnitude, epicentre distance, intensity of seismic impact in the observation
areas). The paper presents data on the earthquakes that were preceded by hydrogeological precursors in
several (n = 2–4) wells. It is discussed whether it is possible to use hydrogeological precursors to predict
strong earthquakes in Kamchatka. The authors also discuss the results of their experimental use in a real-time
environment with weekly reports on the current observational data for the Kamchatka Branch of the Russian
Expert Council. By the example of water level observations in YUZ-5 Well, the authors analyzed coseismic
jumps in the groundwater pressure due to rupture formation in the sources of local Mw > 6.0 earthquakes and
four types of effects of the vibrational impact of seismic waves during local and distant Mw = 6.8–9.3 earthquakes
at epicentral distances from 80 to 14600 km; the study demonstrates that such effects depend on the
earthquake parameters and the intensity of seismic impact in the well area.